Industries in the Crop Production subsector grow crops mainly for food and fiber. The subsector comprises establishments, such as farms, orchards, groves, greenhouses, and nurseries, primarily engaged in growing crops, plants, vines, or trees and their seeds.
The industries in this subsector are grouped by similarity of production activity, including biological and physiological characteristics and economic requirements, the length of growing season, degree of crop rotation, extent of input specialization, labor requirements, and capital demands. The production process is typically completed when the raw product or commodity grown reaches the "farm gate" for market, that is, at the point of first sale or price determination.
Establishments are classified to the crop production subsector when crop production (i.e., value of crops for market) accounts for one-half or more of the establishment's total agricultural production. Within the subsector, establishments are classified to a specific industry when a product or industry family of products (i.e., oilseed and grain farming, vegetable and melon farming, fruit and tree nut farming) account for one-half or more of the establishment's agricultural production. Establishments with one-half or more crop production with no one product or family of products of an industry accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production are treated as general combination crop farming and are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming.
Industries in the Crop Production subsector include establishments that own, operate, and manage and those that operate and manage. Those that manage only are classified in Subsector 115, Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry.
Business Plan for an Agriculture Farm Business.
1111 Oilseed and Grain Farming
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing oilseed and/or
grain crops and/or (2) producing oilseed and grain seeds. These crops have an annual life cycle
and are typically grown in open fields.
11111 Soybean Farming
See industry description for 111110 below.
111110 Soybean Farming
11112 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming
See industry description for 111120 below.
111120 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming
11113 Dry Pea and Bean Farming
See industry description for 111130 below.
111130 Dry Pea and Bean Farming
11114 Wheat Farming
See industry description for 111140 below.
111140 Wheat Farming
11115 Corn Farming
See industry description for 111150 below.
111150 Corn Farming
11116 Rice Farming
See industry description for 111160 below.
111160 Rice Farming
11119 Other Grain Farming
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing grain(s) and/or
producing grain seeds (except wheat, corn, and rice) or (2) growing a combination of grain(s) and
oilseed(s) with no one grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting
for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market).
Combination grain(s) and oilseed(s) establishments may produce oilseed(s) and grain(s) seeds
and/or grow oilseed(s) and grain(s).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Growing wheat - classified in U.S. Industry 111140, Wheat Farming;
Growing corn (except sweet corn) - classified in U.S. Industry 111150, Corn Farming;
Growing sweet corn - classified in U.S. Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming; and
Growing rice (except wild rice) - classified in U.S. Industry 111160, Rice Farming.
111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming
111199 All Other Grain Farming
1112 Vegetable and Melon Farming
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing root and tuber crops
(except sugar beets and peanuts) or edible plants and/or producing root and tuber or edible plant
seeds. The crops included in this group have an annual growth cycle and are grown in open fields.
Climate and cultural practices limit producing areas but often permit the growing of a
combination of crops in a year.
11121 Vegetable and Melon Farming
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1)
growing vegetable and/or melon crops; (2) producing vegetable and melon seeds; and (3) growing
vegetable and/or melon bedding plants.
Learn more about operating an Agriculture Produce Farm Business.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Growing sugar beets - classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming;
Growing vegetables and melons under glass or protective cover - classified in Industry 11141, Food Crops Grown Under Cover;
Growing dry peas and beans - classified in Industry 111130, Dry Pea and Bean Farming;
Growing corn (except sweet corn) - classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming;
Canning, pickling, and/or drying (artificially) vegetables - classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying; and
Growing fruit on trees and other fruit-bearing plants (except melons) - classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming.
111211 Potato Farming
111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming
1113 Fruit and Tree Nut Farming
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing fruit and/or tree nut
crops. The crops included in this industry group are generally not grown from seeds and have a
perennial life cycle.
Learn more about operating an Agriculture Fruit Farm Business.
11131 Orange Groves
See industry description for 111310 below.
111310 Orange Groves
11132 Citrus (except Orange) Groves
See industry description for 111320 below.
111320 Citrus (except Orange) Groves
11133 Noncitrus Fruit and Tree Nut Farming
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1)
growing noncitrus fruits (e.g., apples, grapes, berries, peaches); (2) growing tree nuts (e.g.,
pecans, almonds, pistachios); or (3) growing a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s) with no
one fruit (or family of fruit) or family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the
establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Harvesting berries or nuts from native and noncultivated plants - classified in Industry 113210, Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; and
Canning and/or drying (artificially) fruit - classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying.
111331 Apple Orchards
111332 Grape Vineyards
111333 Strawberry Farming
111334 Berry (except Strawberry) Farming
111335 Tree Nut Farming
111336 Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming
111339 Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming
1114 Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing crops of any kind under
cover and/or growing nursery stock and flowers. "Under cover" is generally defined as
greenhouses, cold frames, cloth houses, and lath houses. The crops grown are removed at various
stages of maturity and have annual and perennial life cycles. The nursery stock includes short
rotation woody crops that have growth cycles of 10 years or less.
11141 Food Crops Grown Under Cover
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops (e.g., fruits,
melons, tomatoes) under glass or protective cover.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming.
111411 Mushroom Production
111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover
11142 Nursery and Floriculture Production
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing nursery and floriculture
products (e.g., nursery stock, shrubbery, cut flowers, flower seeds, foliage plants) under cover
or in open fields and/or (2) growing short rotation woody trees with a growing and harvesting
cycle of 10 years or less for pulp or tree stock (e.g., cut Christmas trees, cottonwoods).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants - classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming;
Operating timber tracts (i.e., growing cycle greater than 10 years) - classified in Industry 113110, Timber Tract Operations; and
Retailing nursery, tree stock, and floriculture products primarily purchased from others - classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores.
111421 Nursery and Tree Production
111422 Floriculture Production
1119 Other Crop Farming
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except
oilseed and/or grain; vegetable and/or melon; fruit and tree nut; and greenhouse, nursery, and/or
floriculture products). These establishments grow crops, such as tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, hay,
sugar beets, peanuts, agave, herbs and spices, and hay and grass seeds; or (2) growing a
combination of crops (except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s) and a combination of
fruit(s) and tree nut(s)).
11191 Tobacco Farming
See industry description for 111910 below.
111910 Tobacco Farming
11192 Cotton Farming
See industry description for 111920 below.
111920 Cotton Farming
11193 Sugarcane Farming
See industry description for 111930 below.
111930 Sugarcane Farming
11194 Hay Farming
See industry description for 111940 below.
111940 Hay Farming
11199 All Other Crop Farming
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except oilseeds
and/or grains; vegetables and/or melons; fruits and/or tree nuts; greenhouse, nursery and/or
floriculture products; tobacco; cotton; sugarcane; or hay) or (2) growing a combination of crops
(except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s); and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s))
with no one crop or family of crops accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural
production (i.e., value of crops for market).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Growing oilseeds and/or wheat, corn, rice, or other grains - classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming;
Growing vegetables and/or melons - classified in Industry Group 1112, Vegetable and Melon Farming;
Growing fruits and/or tree nuts - classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming;
Growing greenhouse, nursery, and/or floriculture products - classified in Industry Group 1114, Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production;
Growing tobacco - classified in Industry 111910, Tobacco Farming;
Growing cotton - classified in Industry 111920, Cotton Farming;
Growing sugarcane - classified in Industry 111930, Sugarcane Farming; and
Growing hay - classified in Industry 111940, Hay Farming.
111991 Sugar Beet Farming
111992 Peanut Farming
111998 All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming
Information courtesy of the U.S. Census Bureau.
