Industries in the Textile Mills subsector group establishments that transform a basic fiber (natural or synthetic) into a product, such as yarn or fabric, that is further manufactured into usable items, such as apparel, sheets towels, and textile bags for individual or industrial consumption. The further manufacturing may be performed in the same establishment and classified in this subsector, or it may be performed at a separate establishment and be classified elsewhere in manufacturing.
The main processes in this subsector include preparation and spinning of fiber, knitting or weaving of fabric, and the finishing of the textile. The NAICS structure follows and captures this process flow. Major industries in this flow, such as preparation of fibers, weaving of fabric, knitting of fabric, and fiber and fabric finishing, are uniquely identified. Texturizing, throwing, twisting, and winding of yarn contains aspects of both fiber preparation and fiber finishing and is classified with preparation of fibers rather than with finishing of fiber.
NAICS separates the manufacturing of primary textiles and the manufacturing of textile products (except apparel) when the textile product is produced from purchased primary textiles, such as fabric. The manufacturing of textile products (except apparel) from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 314, Textile Product Mills, and apparel from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing.
Excluded from this subsector are establishments that weave or knit fabric and make garments. These establishments are included in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing.
3131 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills
31311 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1)
spinning yarn; (2) manufacturing thread of any fiber; (3) texturizing, throwing, twisting, and
winding purchased yarn or manmade fiber filaments; and (4) producing hemp yarn and further
processing into rope or bags.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
- Manufacturing artificial and synthetic fibers and filaments and texturizing these filaments - classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing.
313111 Yarn Spinning Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in spinning yarn from
any fiber and/or producing hemp yarn and further processing into rope or bags.
313112 Yarn Texturizing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in texturizing,
throwing, twisting, spooling, or winding purchased yarns or manmade fiber filaments.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
- Manufacturing artificial and synthetic fiber and filament and texturizing these fibers and filaments are classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing.
313113 Thread Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing thread (e.g.,
sewing, hand-knitting, crochet) of all fibers.
31321 Broadwoven Fabric Mills
See industry description for 313210 below.
313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in weaving broadwoven fabrics and felts
(except tire fabrics and rugs). Establishments in this industry may weave only, weave and finish,
or weave, finish, and further fabricate fabric products.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
- Weaving widths specifically constructed for cutting to narrow widths - classified in U.S. Industry 313221, Narrow Fabric Mills;
- Weaving or tufting carpet and rugs - classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; and
- Making tire cord and tire fabrics - classified in U.S. Industry 314992, Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills.
31322 Narrow Fabric Mills and Schiffli Machine Embroidery
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1)
weaving or braiding narrow fabrics; (2) manufacturing Schiffli machine embroideries; and (3)
making fabric-covered elastic yarn and thread.
313221 Narrow Fabric Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) weaving or braiding narrow
fabrics in their final form or initially made in wider widths that are specially constructed for
narrower widths and/or (2) making fabric-covered elastic yarn and thread. Establishments in this
industry may weave only; weave and finish; or weave, finish, and further fabricate fabric
products.
313222 Schiffli Machine Embroidery
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing Schiffli machine
embroideries.
31323 Nonwoven Fabric Mills
See industry description for 313230 below.
313230 Nonwoven Fabric Mills
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonwoven fabrics and
felts. Processes used include bonding and/or interlocking fibers by mechanical, chemical,
thermal, or solvent means, or by combinations thereof.
31324 Knit Fabric Mills
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting
weft (i.e., circular) and warp (i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing weft and warp
fabric; (3) manufacturing lace; or (4) manufacturing, dyeing, and finishing lace and lace goods.
Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further
fabricate fabric products (except apparel).
Cross-References.
- Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills.
313241 Weft Knit Fabric Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting weft (i.e., circular)
fabric or knitting and finishing weft fabric. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit
and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel).
Cross-References.
- Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills.
313249 Other Knit Fabric and Lace Mills
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1)
knitting warp (i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing warp fabric; (3) manufacturing
lace; or (4) manufacturing, dyeing, or finishing lace and lace goods. Establishments in this
industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products
(except apparel).
Cross-References.
- Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills.
3133 Textile and Fabric Finishing and Fabric Coating Mills
31331 Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills
This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing of textiles, fabrics,
and apparel, and (2) establishments of converters who buy fabric goods in the grey, have them
finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include: bleaching, dyeing,
printing (e.g., roller, screen, flock, plisse), stonewashing, and other mechanical finishing,
such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing, and napping; as well as
cleaning, scouring, and the preparation of natural fibers and raw stock.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
- Coating or impregnating fabrics - classified in Industry 31332, Fabric Coating Mills;
- Knitting or knitting and finishing fabric - classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills;
- Manufacturing and finishing apparel - classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing;
- Weaving and finishing fabrics - classified in Industry Group 3132, Fabric Mills;
- Manufacturing and finishing rugs and carpets - classified in Industry 31411, Carpet and Rug Mills; and
- Printing on apparel - classified in Industry 32311, Printing.
313311 Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills
This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing broadwoven
fabrics, and (2) establishments of converters who buy broadwoven fabrics in the grey, have them
finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing,
printing (roller, screen, flock, plisse), and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking,
shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and napping.
Cross-References.
- Coating or impregnating fabrics - classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and
- Weaving and finishing broadwoven fabrics - classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric Mills.
313312 Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills
This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in dyeing, bleaching, printing,
and other finishing of textiles, apparel, and fabrics (except broadwoven) and (2) establishments
of converters who buy fabrics (except broadwoven) in the grey, have them finished on contract,
and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing, printing (e.g., roller,
screen, flock, plisse), stonewashing, and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking,
shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and napping; as well as cleaning, scouring, and the
preparation of natural fibers and raw stock.
Cross-References.
- Knitting and finishing fabric - classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills;
- Finishing broadwoven fabric - classified in U.S. Industry 313311, Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills;
- Weaving and finishing narrow woven fabric - classified in U.S. Industry 313221, Narrow Fabric Mills;
- Manufacturing and finishing apparel - classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing;
- Coating or impregnating fabrics - classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and
- Printing on apparel - classified in Industry 32311, Printing.
31332 Fabric Coating Mills
See industry description for 313320 below.
313320 Fabric Coating Mills
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in coating, laminating, varnishing,
waxing, and rubberizing textiles and apparel.
Cross-References.
- Establishments primarily engaged in dyeing and finishing textiles are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills.
Information courtesy of the U.S. Census Bureau.
