Industries in the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services subsector group establishments engaged in processes where human capital is the major input. These establishments make available the knowledge and skills of their employees, often on an assignment basis, where an individual or team is responsible for the delivery of services to the client. The individual industries of this subsector are defined on the basis of the particular expertise and training of the services provider.
The distinguishing feature of the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services subsector is the fact that most of the industries grouped in it have production processes that are almost wholly dependent on worker skills. In most of these industries, equipment and materials are not of major importance, unlike health care, for example, where "high tech" machines and materials are important collaborating inputs to labor skills in the production of health care. Thus, the establishments classified in this subsector sell expertise. Much of the expertise requires degrees, though not in every case.
5411 Legal Services
54111 Offices of Lawyers
See industry description for 541110 below.
541110 Offices of Lawyers
This industry comprises offices of legal practitioners known as lawyers or attorneys (i.e.,
counselors-at-law) primarily engaged in the practice of law. Establishments in this industry may
provide expertise in a range or in specific areas of law, such as criminal law, corporate law,
family and estate law, patent law, real estate law, or tax law.
Cross-References.
Establishments of legal practitioners (except lawyers or attorneys) primarily engaged in providing specialized legal or paralegal services are classified in Industry 54119, Other Legal Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Attorneys' offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Attorneys' private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Barristers' offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Barristers' private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Corporate law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Counselors' at law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Counselors' at law private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Criminal law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Estate law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Family law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Law firms |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Law practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Lawyers' offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Lawyers' private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Legal aid services |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Patent attorneys' offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Patent attorneys' private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Real estate law offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Solicitors' offices, private |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Solicitors' private practices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Tax law attorneys' offices |
| 541110 | 541110 | 8111 | Tax law attorneys' private practices |
54112 Offices of Notaries
See industry description for 541120 below.
541120 Offices of Notaries
This industry comprises establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily
engaged in drafting, approving, and executing legal documents, such as real estate transactions,
wills, and contracts; and in receiving, indexing, and storing such documents.
Cross-References.
Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers; and
Establishments of notaries public engaged in activities, such as administering oaths and taking affidavits and depositions, witnessing and certifying signatures on documents, but not empowered to draw and approve legal documents and contracts, are classified in U.S. Industry 541199, All Other Legal Services.
54119 Other Legal Services
This industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners (except lawyers and attorneys)
primarily engaged in providing specialized legal or paralegal services.
Cross-References.
Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers; and
Establishments (except offices of lawyers, attorneys, and paralegals) primarily engaged in providing arbitration and conciliation services are classified in Industry 541990, All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services.
541191 Title Abstract and Settlement Offices
This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily
engaged in one or more of the following activities: (1) researching public land records to gather
information relating to real estate titles; (2) preparing documents necessary for the transfer of
the title, financing, and settlement; (3) conducting final real estate settlements and closings;
and (4) filing legal and other documents relating to the sale of real estate. Real estate
settlement offices, title abstract companies, and title search companies are included in this
industry.
Cross-References.
Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541191 | 541191 | 6541 | Settlement offices, real estate |
| 541191 | 541191 | 6541 | Title abstract companies, real estate |
| 541191 | 541191 | 6541 | Title companies, real estate |
| 541191 | 541191 | 6541 | Title search companies, real estate |
541199 All Other Legal Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners (except offices of lawyers and
attorneys, settlement offices, and title abstract offices). These establishments are primarily
engaged in providing specialized legal or paralegal services.
Cross-References.
Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers;
Establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily engaged in researching public land records for ownership or title; preparing documents necessary for the transfer of the title, financing, and settlement; conducting final real estate settlements and closings; and/or filing legal and other documents relating to the sale of real estate are classified in U.S. Industry 541191, Title Abstract and Settlement Offices; and
Establishments (except offices of lawyers, attorneys, and paralegals) primarily engaged in providing arbitration and conciliation services are classified in Industry 541990, All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Notary public services |
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Notary publics' private practices |
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Paralegal services |
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Patent agent services (i.e., patent filing and searching services) |
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Process server services |
| 541199 | 541199 | 7389 | Process serving services |
5412 Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services
54121 Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and
Payroll Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services, such as auditing
of accounting records, designing accounting systems, preparing financial statements, developing
budgets, preparing tax returns, processing payrolls, bookkeeping, and billing.
541211 Offices of Certified Public Accountants
This U.S. industry comprises establishments of accountants that are certified to audit the
accounting records of public and private organizations and to attest to compliance with generally
accepted accounting practices. Offices of certified public accountants (CPAs) may provide one or
more of the following accounting services: (1) auditing financial statements; (2) designing
accounting systems; (3) preparing financial statements; (4) developing budgets; and (5) providing
advice on matters related to accounting. These establishments may also provide related services,
such as bookkeeping, tax return preparation, and payroll processing.
Learn more about operating an Accounting Firm or an Auditing Services business.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing tax return preparation services only - classified in U.S. Industry 541213, Tax Preparation Services;
Providing payroll processing services only - classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll Services; and
Providing accounting, bookkeeping, and billing services - classified in U.S. Industry 541219, Other Accounting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Accountants' (i.e., CPAs) offices, certified public |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Accountants' (i.e., CPAs) private practices, certified public |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Accounting (i.e., CPAs) services, certified public |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Auditing accountants' (i.e., CPAs) offices |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Auditing accountants' (i.e., CPAs) private practices |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Auditing services (i.e., CPA services), accounts |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Auditors' (i.e., CPAs) offices, accounts |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Auditors' (i.e., CPAs) private practices, accounts |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Certified accountants' offices |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Certified public accountants' (CPAs) offices |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | CPAs' (certified public accountants) offices |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Public accountants' (CPAs) offices, certified |
| 541211 | 541211 | 8721 | Public accountants' (CPAs) private practices, certified |
541213 Tax Preparation Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in providing tax
return preparation services without also providing accounting, bookkeeping, billing, or payroll
processing services. Basic knowledge of tax law and filing requirements is required.
Cross-References.
Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public Accountants;
Establishments of non-CPAs providing payroll services along with tax return preparation services are classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll Services;
Establishments of non-CPAs providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services along with tax return preparation services are classified in U.S. Industry 541219, Other Accounting Services; and
Establishments providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others are classified in Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541213 | 541213 | 7291 | Income tax compilation services |
| 541213 | 541213 | 7291 | Income tax return preparation services |
| 541213 | 541213 | 7291 | Tax return preparation services |
541214 Payroll Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in the following
without also providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services: (1) collecting information
on hours worked, pay rates, deductions, and other payroll-related data from their clients and (2)
using that information to generate paychecks, payroll reports, and tax filings. These
establishments may use data processing and tabulating techniques as part of providing their
services.
Cross-References.
Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public Accountants;
Establishments of non-CPAs providing tax return preparation services only are classified in U.S. Industry 541213, Tax Preparation Services; and
Establishments of non-CPAs providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services along with payroll services are classified in U.S. Industry 541219, Other Accounting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541214 | 541214 | 8721 | Payroll processing services |
| 541214 | 541214 | 7819 | Talent payment services |
541219 Other Accounting Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in providing
accounting services (except tax return preparation services only or payroll services only). These
establishments may also provide tax return preparation or payroll services. Accountant (except
CPA) offices, bookkeeper offices, and billing offices are included in this industry.
Learn about operating an Automated Accounting Systems business.
Cross-References.
Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public Accountants;
Establishments of non-CPAs engaged in providing tax return preparation services only are classified in U.S. Industry 541213, Tax Preparation Services; and
Establishments of non-CPAs engaged in providing payroll services only are classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Accountants' (except CPAs) offices |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Accountants' (except CPAs) private practices |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Accounting services (except CPAs) |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Billing services |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Bookkeepers' offices |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Bookkeepers' private practices |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Bookkeeping services |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Public accountants' (except CPAs) offices |
| 541219 | 541219 | 8721 | Public accountants' (except CPAs) private practices |
5413 Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services
54131 Architectural Services
See industry description for 541310 below.
541310 Architectural Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing residential,
institutional, leisure, commercial, and industrial buildings and structures by applying knowledge
of design, construction procedures, zoning regulations, building codes, and building materials.
Learn about operating an Architectural Services business.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Planning and designing the development of land areas - classified in Industry 541320, Landscape Architectural Services; and
Both the design and construction of buildings, highways, or other structures or in managing construction projects - classified Sector 23, Construction, according to the type of project.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Architects' (except landscape) offices |
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Architects' (except landscape) private practices |
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Architectural (except landscape) consultants' offices |
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Architectural (except landscape) design services |
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Architectural (except landscape) services |
| 541310 | 541310 | 8712 | Building architectural design services |
54132 Landscape Architectural Services
See industry description for 541320 below.
541320 Landscape Architectural Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing the
development of land areas for projects, such as parks and other recreational areas; airports;
highways; hospitals; schools; land subdivisions; and commercial, industrial, and residential
areas, by applying knowledge of land characteristics, location of buildings and structures, use
of land areas, and design of landscape projects.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in providing landscape care and maintenance services and/or installing trees, shrubs, plants, lawns, or gardens along with the design of landscape plans are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Architects' offices, landscape |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Architects' private practices, landscape |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Architectural services, landscape |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | City planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Garden planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Golf course design services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Industrial land use planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Land use design services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Land use planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape architects' offices |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape architects' private practices |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape architectural services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape consulting services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape design services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Landscape planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 0781 | Ski area design services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Ski area planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Town planners' offices |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Town planning services |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Urban planners' offices |
| 541320 | 541320 | 8748 | Urban planning services |
54133 Engineering Services
See industry description for 541330 below.
541330 Engineering Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in applying physical laws and principles
of engineering in the design, development, and utilization of machines, materials, instruments,
structures, processes, and systems. The assignments undertaken by these establishments may
involve any of the following activities: provision of advice, preparation of feasibility studies,
preparation of preliminary and final plans and designs, provision of technical services during
the construction or installation phase, inspection and evaluation of engineering projects, and
related services.
Learn about operating an Architectural Engineering business.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Planning and designing computer systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and communication technologies - classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design Services;
Performing surveying and mapping services of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor, - classified in Industry 541370, Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services;
Gathering, interpreting, and mapping geophysical data - classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services;
Creating and developing designs and specifications that optimize the use, value, and appearance of products - classified in Industry 541420, Industrial Design Services;
Providing advice and assistance to others on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental contamination from pollutants, toxic substances, and hazardous materials-- are classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting Services; and
Both the design and construction of buildings, highways, and other structures or in managing construction projects - classified in Sector 23, Construction, according to the type of project.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Acoustical engineering consulting services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Acoustical system engineering design services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Boat engineering design services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Chemical engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Civil engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Combustion engineering consulting services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Construction engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Consulting engineers' offices |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Consulting engineers' private practices |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Electrical engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Engineering consulting services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Engineering design services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Engineers' offices |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Engineers' private practices |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Environmental engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Erosion control engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Geological engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Geophysical engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Heating engineering consulting services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Industrial engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Logging engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Marine engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Mechanical engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Mining engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8711 | Petroleum engineering services |
| 541330 | 541330 | 8748 | Traffic engineering consulting services |
54134 Drafting Services
See industry description for 541340 below.
541340 Drafting Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing detailed layouts, plans, and
illustrations of buildings, structures, systems, or components from engineering and architectural
specifications.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541340 | 541340 | 7389 | Blueprint drafting services |
| 541340 | 541340 | 7389 | Drafting services |
| 541340 | 541340 | 7389 | Draftsmen's offices |
54135 Building Inspection Services
See industry description for 541350 below.
541350 Building Inspection Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing building inspection
services. These establishments typically evaluate all aspects of the building structure and
component systems and prepare a report on the physical condition of the property, generally for
buyers or others involved in real estate transactions. Building inspection bureaus and
establishments providing home inspection services are included in this industry.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Inspecting buildings for termites and other pests - classified in Industry 561710, Exterminating and Pest Control Services;
Inspecting buildings for hazardous materials - classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting Services; and
Conducting inspections and enforcing public building codes and standards - classified in Industry 925110, Administration of Housing Programs.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Building inspection bureaus |
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Building inspection services |
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Home inspection services |
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Inspection bureaus, building |
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Inspection services, building or home |
| 541350 | 541350 | 7389 | Prepurchase home inspection services |
54136 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services
See industry description for 541360 below.
541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, interpreting, and mapping
geophysical data. Establishments in this industry often specialize in locating and measuring the
extent of subsurface resources, such as oil, gas, and minerals, but they may also conduct surveys
for engineering purposes. Establishments in this industry use a variety of surveying techniques
depending on the purpose of the survey, including magnetic surveys, gravity surveys, seismic
surveys, or electrical and electromagnetic surveys.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in taking core samples, drilling test wells, or other mine development activities (except geophysical surveying and mapping) on a contract basis for others are classified in Industry 21311, Support Activities for Mining.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541360 | 541360 | Aerial geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Electrical geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Electromagnetic geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Geological surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Geophysical mapping services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Gravity geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Magnetic geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Mapping services, geophysical | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Radioactive geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Remote sensing geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Seismic geophysical surveying services | |
| 541360 | 541360 | Surveying services, geophysical |
54137 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services
See industry description for 541370 below.
541370 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing surveying and mapping
services of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor. These services may include
surveying and mapping of areas above or below the surface of the earth, such as the creation of
view easements or segregating rights in parcels of land by creating underground utility
easements.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing geophysical surveying and mapping services - classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; and
Publishing atlases and maps, except for exclusive Internet publishing - classified in U.S. Industry 511130, Book Publishers; and
Publishing atlases and maps exclusively on the Internet - classified in U.S. Industry 516110, Internet Publishing and Broadcasting.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Aerial surveying (except geophysical) services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Cadastral surveying services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Cartographic surveying services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Geodetic surveying services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Geographic information system (GIS) base mapping services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Geospatial mapping services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Hydrographic mapping services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Hydrographic surveying services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Land surveying services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Mapping (except geophysical) services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 7389 | Photogrammetric mapping services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 8713 | Surveying and mapping services (except geophysical) |
| 541370 | 541370 | 7389 | Topographic mapping services |
| 541370 | 541370 | 7389 | Topographic surveying services |
54138 Testing Laboratories
See industry description for 541380 below.
541380 Testing Laboratories
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing physical, chemical, and
other analytical testing services, such as acoustics or vibration testing, assaying, biological
testing (except medical and veterinary), calibration testing, electrical and electronic testing,
geotechnical testing, mechanical testing, nondestructive testing, or thermal testing. The testing
may occur in a laboratory or on-site.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Laboratory testing for the medical profession - classified in Industry 62151, Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories;
Veterinary testing services - classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; and
Auto emissions testing - classified in U.S. Industry 811198, All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Acoustics testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Assaying services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Automobile proving and testing grounds |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Biological (except medical, veterinary) testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Calibration and certification testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Electrical testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Electronic testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Environmental testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Film badge testing (i.e., radiation testing) laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 6411 | Fire insurance underwriters' laboratories |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Food testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Forensic (except medical) laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Geotechnical testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Hydrostatic testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Industrial testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Laboratory testing (except medical, veterinary) services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Mechanical testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Metallurgical testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Non-destructive testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Pollution testing (except automotive emissions testing) services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Product testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radiation dosimetry (i.e., radiation testing) laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radiation testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radiographic testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radiographing welded joints on pipes and fittings |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radiography inspection services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Radon testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Seed testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Soil testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Testing laboratories (except medical, veterinary) |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Thermal testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | Vibration testing laboratories or services |
| 541380 | 541380 | 8734 | X-ray inspection services |
5414 Specialized Design Services
This industry group comprises establishments providing specialized design services (except
architectural, engineering, and computer systems design).
54141 Interior Design Services
See industry description for 541410 below.
541410 Interior Design Services This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing, and administering projects in interior spaces to meet the physical and aesthetic needs of people using them, taking into consideration building codes, health and safety regulations, traffic patterns and floor planning, mechanical and electrical needs, and interior fittings and furniture. Interior designers and interior design consultants work in areas, such as hospitality design, health care design, institutional design, commercial and corporate design, and residential design. This industry also includes interior decorating consultants engaged exclusively in providing aesthetic services associated with interior spaces.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Decorating consulting services, interior |
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Interior decorating consultant services |
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Interior decorating consulting services |
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Interior design consulting services |
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Interior design services |
| 541410 | 541410 | 7389 | Interior designer services |
54142 Industrial Design Services
See industry description for 541420 below.
541420 Industrial Design Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and developing designs and
specifications that optimize the use, value, and appearance of their products. These services can
include the determination of the materials, construction, mechanisms, shape, color, and surface
finishes of the product, taking into consideration human characteristics and needs, safety,
market appeal, and efficiency in production, distribution, use, and maintenance. Establishments
providing automobile or furniture industrial design services or industrial design consulting
services are included in this industry.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Applying physical laws and principles of engineering in the design, development, and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes, and systems - classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services; and
Designing clothing, shoes, or jewelry - classified in Industry 541490, Other Specialized Design Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Automobile industrial design services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Furniture design services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Handtool industrial design services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Industrial design consulting services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Industrial design services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Packaging industrial design services |
| 541420 | 541420 | 7389 | Tool industrial design services |
54143 Graphic Design Services
See industry description for 541430 below.
541430 Graphic Design Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing, and managing the
production of visual communication in order to convey specific messages or concepts, clarify
complex information, or project visual identities. These services can include the design of
printed materials, packaging, advertising, signage systems, and corporate identification (logos).
This industry also includes commercial artists engaged exclusively in generating drawings and
illustrations requiring technical accuracy or interpretative skills.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in creating and/or placing public display advertising material are classified in Industry 541850, Display Advertising; and
Independent artists primarily engaged in creating and selling visual artwork for noncommercial use and independent cartoonists are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Art services, commercial |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Art services, graphic |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Art studios, commercial |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Artists, independent commercial |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Artists, independent graphic |
| 541430 | 541430 | 8099 | Artists, independent medical |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Commercial art services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Commercial artists, independent |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Commercial illustration services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Commercial illustrators, independent |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Communication design services, visual |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Corporate identification (i.e., logo) design services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Graphic art and related design services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Graphic artists, independent |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Graphic design services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Illustrators, independent commercial |
| 541430 | 541430 | 8099 | Medical art services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 8099 | Medical artists, independent |
| 541430 | 541430 | 8099 | Medical illustration services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 8099 | Medical illustrators, independent |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Silk screen design services |
| 541430 | 541430 | 7336 | Studios, commercial art |
54149 Other Specialized Design Services
See industry description for 541490 below.
541490 Other Specialized Design Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing professional design
services (except architectural, landscape architecture, engineering, interior, industrial,
graphic, and computer system design).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing architectural design services - classified in Industry 541310, Architectural Services;
Providing landscape architecture design services - classified in Industry 541320, Landscape Architectural Services;
Providing engineering design services - classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services;
Providing interior design services - classified in Industry 541410, Interior Design Services;
Providing industrial design services - classified in Industry 541420, Industrial Design Services;
Providing graphic design services - classified in Industry 541430, Graphic Design Services;
Providing computer systems design services - classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design Services; and
Operating as independent theatrical designers - classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Clothing design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Costume design services (except independent theatrical costume designers) |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Fashion design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Fashion designer services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Float design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Fur design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Jewelry design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Shoe design services |
| 541490 | 541490 | 7389 | Textile design services |
5415 Computer Systems Design and Related Services
See industry description for 54151 below.
54151 Computer Systems Design and Related Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expertise in the field of
information technologies through one or more of the following activities: (1) writing, modifying,
testing, and supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer; (2) planning and
designing computer systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and communication
technologies; (3) on-site management and operation of clients' computer systems and/or data
processing facilities; and (4) other professional and technical computer-related advice and
services.
541511 Custom Computer Programming Services
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Selling computer hardware or software products from retail-like locations and providing supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers - classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software Stores;
Wholesaling computer hardware or software products and providing supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers, - classified in Industry 423430, Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers;
Publishing packaged software - classified in Industry 511210, Software Publishers;
Providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others - classified in Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services.
541512 Computer Systems Design Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing computer
systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and communication technologies. The hardware
and software components of the system may be provided by this establishment or company as part of
integrated services or may be provided by third parties or vendors. These establishments often
install the system and train and support users of the system.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Selling computer hardware or software products and systems from retail-like locations, and providing supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers - classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software Stores; and
Wholesaling computer hardware or software products and providing supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers, - classified in Industry 423430, Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | CAD (computer-aided design) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | CAE (computer-aided engineering) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7379 | Computer hardware consulting services or consultants |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7379 | Computer software consulting services or consultants |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Computer systems integration analysis and design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7379 | Computer systems integration design consulting services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Computer systems integrator services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Computer-aided design (CAD) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Information management computer systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Local area network (LAN) computer systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Network systems integration design services, computer |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Office automation computer systems integration design services |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Systems integration design consulting services, computer |
| 541512 | 541512 | 7373 | Systems integration design services, computer |
541513 Computer Facilities Management Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing on-site management and
operation of clients' computer systems and/or data processing facilities. Establishments
providing computer systems or data processing facilities support services are included in this
industry.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others are classified in Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541513 | 541513 | 7376 | Computer systems facilities (i.e., clients' facilities) management and operation |
| 541513 | 541513 | 7376 | Data processing facilities (i.e., clients' facilities) management and operation s |
| 541513 | 541513 | 7376 | Facilities (i.e., clients' facilities) management and operation services, compute |
| 541513 | 541513 | 7376 | Facilities (i.e., clients' facilities) support services, computer systems or data |
541519 Other Computer Related Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing computer related
services (except custom programming, systems integration design, and facilities management
services). Establishments providing computer disaster recovery services or software installation
services are included in this industry.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing custom computer programming services - classified in U.S. Industry 541511, Custom Computer Programming Services;
Providing computer systems integration design services - classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design Services; and
Providing computer systems and/or data processing facilities management services - classified in U.S. Industry 541513, Computer Facilities Management Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541519 | 541519 | 7379 | Computer disaster recovery services |
| 541519 | 541519 | 7379 | Software installation services, computer |
5416 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services
54161 Management Consulting Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to
businesses and other organizations on management issues, such as strategic and organizational
planning; financial planning and budgeting; marketing objectives and policies; human resource
policies, practices, and planning; production scheduling; and control planning.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of day-to-day office administrative services, such as financial planning, billing and recordkeeping, personnel, and physical distribution and logistics, are classified in Industry 561110, Office Administrative Services;
Establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing other establishments of the company or enterprise (except government establishments) are classified in Industry 55111, Management of Companies and Enterprises;
Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration;
Establishments primarily engaged in professional and management development training are classified in Industry 611430, Professional and Management Development Training;
Establishments primarily engaged in listing employment vacancies and in selecting, referring, and placing applicants in employment are classified in Industry 561310, Employment Placement Agencies;
Establishments primarily engaged in developing and implementing public relations plans are classified in Industry 541820, Public Relations Agencies;
Establishments primarily engaged in developing and conducting marketing research or public opinion polling are classified in Industry 541910, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling;
Establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing industrial processes and systems are classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services;
Establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing computer systems are classified in Industry 54151, Computer Systems Design and Related Services; and
Establishments primarily engaged in providing financial investment advice services are classified in Industry 523930, Investment Advice.
541611 Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services
541612 Human Resources and Executive Search Consulting Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance
to businesses and other organizations in one or more of the following areas: (1) human resource
and personnel policies, practices, and procedures; (2) employee benefits planning, communication,
and administration; (3) compensation systems planning; (4) wage and salary administration; and
(5) executive search and recruitment.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Professional and management development training - classified in Industry 611430, Professional and Management Development Training; and
Listing employment vacancies and in selecting, referring, and placing applicants in employment - classified in Industry 561310, Employment Placement Agencies.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541612 | 541612 | 8999 | Actuarial consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Benefit consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Compensation consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Compensation planning services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Employee assessment consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Employee benefit consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Employee compensation consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 7361 | Executive placement consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 7361 | Executive search consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Human resource consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Labor relations consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Organization development consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8999 | Outplacement consulting services |
| 541612 | 541612 | 8742 | Personnel management consulting services |
541613 Marketing Consulting Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating advice and
assistance to businesses and other organizations on marketing issues, such as developing
marketing objectives and policies, sales forecasting, new product developing and pricing,
licensing and franchise planning, and marketing planning and strategy.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Developing and implementing public relations plans - classified in Industry 541820, Public Relations Agencies; and
Developing and conducting marketing research or public opinion polling - classified in Industry 541910, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541613 | 541613 | 8742 | Customer service management consulting services |
| 541613 | 541613 | 8742 | Marketing consulting services |
| 541613 | 541613 | 8742 | Marketing management consulting services |
| 541613 | 541613 | 8742 | New product development consulting services |
| 541613 | 541613 | 8742 | Sales management consulting services |
541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics
Consulting Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating advice and
assistance to businesses and other organizations in areas, such as: (1) manufacturing operations
improvement; (2) productivity improvement; (3) production planning and control; (4) quality
assurance and quality control; (5) inventory management; (6) distribution networks; (7) warehouse
use, operations, and utilization; (8) transportation and shipment of goods and materials; and (9)
materials management and handling.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Planning and designing industrial processes and systems - classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services; and
Providing computer systems integration design services - classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Customs consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Efficiency management (i.e., efficiency expert) consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Freight rate auditor services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Freight rate consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Freight traffic consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Inventory planning and control management consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Logistics management consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Manufacturing management consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Manufacturing operations improvement consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Materials management consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Operations research consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Physical distribution consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Production planning and control consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Productivity improvement consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Tariff rate consulting services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 4731 | Tariff rate information services |
| 541614 | 541614 | 8742 | Transportation management consulting services |
541618 Other Management Consulting Services
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing management consulting
services (except administrative and general management consulting; human resources consulting;
marketing consulting; or process, physical distribution, and logistics consulting).
Establishments providing telecommunications or utilities management consulting services are
included in this industry.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing administrative and general management consulting services - classified in U.S. Industry 541611, Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services;
Providing human resources and executive search consulting services - classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human Resources and Executive Search Consulting Services;
Providing marketing consulting services - classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing Consulting Services; and
Providing process, physical distribution, and logistics consulting services - classified in U.S. Industry 541614, Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541618 | 541618 | 8748 | Telecommunications management consulting services |
| 541618 | 541618 | 8748 | Utilities management consulting services |
54162 Environmental Consulting Services
See industry description for 541620 below.
541620 Environmental Consulting Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to
businesses and other organizations on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental
contamination from pollutants, toxic substances, and hazardous materials. These establishments
identify problems (e.g., inspect buildings for hazardous materials), measure and evaluate risks,
and recommend solutions. They employ a multidisciplined staff of scientists, engineers, and other
technicians with expertise in areas, such as air and water quality, asbestos contamination,
remediation, and environmental law. Establishments providing sanitation or site remediation
consulting services are included in this industry.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Environmental remediation - classified in Industry 562910, Remediation Services; and
Providing environmental engineering services - classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541620 | 541620 | 8748 | Environmental consulting services |
| 541620 | 541620 | 8999 | Sanitation consulting services |
| 541620 | 541620 | 8748 | Site remediation consulting services |
54169 Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services
See industry description for 541690 below.
541690 Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to
businesses and other organizations on scientific and technical issues (except environmental).
Learn about being an Agricultural Consultant.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in environmental consulting are classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Agricultural consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Agrology consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Agronomy consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Biological consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8999 | Chemical consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Dairy herd consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Economic consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Energy consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8999 | Entomology consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8999 | Geochemical consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 0781 | Horticultural consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Hydrology consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Livestock breeding consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 7819 | Motion picture consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8999 | Nuclear energy consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8999 | Physics consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Radio consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Safety consulting services |
| 541690 | 541690 | 8748 | Security consulting services |
5417 Scientific Research and Development Services
This industry group comprises establishments engaged in conducting original investigation
undertaken on a systematic basis to gain new knowledge (research) and/or the application of
research findings or other scientific knowledge for the creation of new or significantly improved
products or processes (experimental development). The industries within this industry group are
defined on the basis of the domain of research; that is, on the scientific expertise of the
establishment.
54171 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering,
and Life Sciences
See industry description for 541710 below.
541710 Research and Development in the Physical,
Engineering, and Life Sciences
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental
development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences, such as agriculture, electronics,
environmental, biology, botany, biotechnology, computers, chemistry, food, fisheries, forests,
geology, health, mathematics, medicine, oceanography, pharmacy, physics, veterinary, and other
allied subjects.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing physical, chemical, or other analytical testing services (except medical or veterinary) - classified in Industry 541380, Testing Laboratories;
Providing medical laboratory testing for humans - classified in U.S. Industry 621511, Medical Laboratories; and
Providing veterinary testing services - classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541710 | 541710 | Agriculture research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Bacteriological research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Biology research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Biotechnology research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Botany research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Cancer research laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Cerebral palsy research laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Chemical research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Computer and related hardware research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Dental research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Electronic research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Engineering research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Entomological research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Environmental research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Experimental farms | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Fisheries research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Food research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Forestry research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Genetics research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Geological research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | 3764 | Guided missile and space vehicle engine research and development |
| 541710 | 541710 | 3769 | Guided missile and space vehicle parts (except engines) research and development |
| 541710 | 541710 | Health research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Industrial research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Life sciences research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Mathematics research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Medical research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | 8733 | Observatories, research institutions |
| 541710 | 541710 | Oceanographic research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Physical science research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Physics research and development laboratories or services | |
| 541710 | 541710 | Veterinary research and development laboratories or services |
54172 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and
Humanities
See industry description for 541720 below.
541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences
and Humanities
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and analyses in
cognitive development, sociology, psychology, language, behavior, economic, and other social
science and humanities research.
Cross-References.
Establishments primarily engaged in marketing research are classified in Industry 541910, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541720 | 541720 | Archeological research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Behavioral research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Business research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Cognitive research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Demographic research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Economic research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Humanities research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Language research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Learning disabilities research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Psychology research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Social science research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Sociological research and development services | |
| 541720 | 541720 | Sociology research and development services |
5418 Advertising and Related Services
54181 Advertising Agencies
See industry description for 541810 below.
541810 Advertising Agencies
54182 Public Relations Agencies
See industry description for 541820 below.
541820 Public Relations Agencies
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in designing and implementing public
relations campaigns. These campaigns are designed to promote the interests and image of their
clients. Establishments providing lobbying, political consulting, or public relations consulting
are included in this industry.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Lobbying services |
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Lobbyists' offices |
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Political consulting services |
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Public relations agencies |
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Public relations consulting services |
| 541820 | 541820 | 8743 | Public relations services |
54183 Media Buying Agencies
See industry description for 541830 below.
541830 Media Buying Agencies
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purchasing advertising time or space
from media outlets and reselling it to advertising agencies or individual companies directly.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Selling time and space to advertisers for media owners as independent representatives - classified in Industry 541840, Media Representatives; and
Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media - classified in Industry 541810, Advertising Agencies.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541830 | 541830 | 7319 | Media buying agencies |
| 541830 | 541830 | 7319 | Media buying services |
54184 Media Representatives
See industry description for 541840 below.
541840 Media Representatives
This industry comprises establishments of independent representatives primarily engaged in
selling media time or space for media owners.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Purchasing advertising time or space from media outlets and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or individual companies - classified in Industry 541830, Media Buying Agencies; and
Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media - classified in Industry 541810, Advertising Agencies.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Advertising media representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Magazine advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Media advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Media representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Newspaper advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Publishers' advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Radio advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
| 541840 | 541840 | 7313 | Television advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) |
54185 Display Advertising
See industry description for 541850 below.
541850 Display Advertising
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and designing public display
advertising, campaign materials, such as printed, painted, or electronic displays, and/or placing
such displays on indoor or outdoor billboards and panels, or on or within transit vehicles or
facilities, shopping malls, retail (in-store) displays, and other display structures or sites.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing sign lettering and painting services - classified in Industry 541890, Other Services Related to Advertising;
Printing paper on paperboard signs - classified in Industry 323110, Printing;
Erecting display boards - classified in Sector 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; and
Manufacturing electrical, mechanical, or plate signs and point-of-sale advertising displays - classified in Industry 339950, Sign Manufacturing.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Advertising services, indoor or outdoor display |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Advertising, aerial |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Billboard display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Bus card advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Bus display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Indoor display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Outdoor display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Out-of-home media (i.e., display) advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7312 | Store display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Subway card display advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Taxicab card advertising services |
| 541850 | 541850 | 7319 | Transit advertising services |
54186 Direct Mail Advertising
See industry description for 541860 below.
541860 Direct Mail Advertising
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) creating and designing
advertising campaigns for the purpose of distributing advertising materials (e.g., coupons,
flyers, samples) or specialties (e.g., key chains, magnets, pens with customized messages
imprinted) by mail or other direct distribution; and/or (2) preparing advertising materials or
specialties for mailing or other direct distribution. These establishments may also compile,
maintain, sell, and rent mailing lists.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
The direct distribution or delivery (e.g., door-to-door, windshield placement) of advertisements or samples - classified in Industry 541870, Advertising Material Distribution Services;
Distributing advertising specialties for clients who wish to use such materials for promotional purposes - classified in Industry 541890, Other Services Related to Advertising;
Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media - classified in Industry 541810, Advertising Agencies;
Compiling and selling mailing lists without providing direct mail advertising services - classified in Industry 511140, Directory and Mailing List Publishers; and
Broadcasting exclusively on the Internet - classified in Industry 516110, Internet Publishing and Broadcasting.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541860 | 541860 | 7331 | Advertising material preparation services for mailing or other direct distributio |
| 541860 | 541860 | 7331 | Direct mail advertising services |
| 541860 | 541860 | 7331 | Direct mail or other direct distribution advertising campaign services |
54187 Advertising Material Distribution Services
See industry description for 541870 below.
541870 Advertising Material Distribution Services
54189 Other Services Related to Advertising
See industry description for 541890 below.
541890 Other Services Related to Advertising
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advertising services
(except advertising agency services, public relations agency services, media buying agency
services, media representative services, display advertising services, direct mail advertising
services, advertising material distribution services, and marketing consulting services).
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in newspapers, television, or other media - classified in Industry 541810, Advertising Agencies;
Designing and implementing public relations campaigns - classified in Industry 541820, Public Relations Agencies;
Purchasing advertising time or space from media outlets and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or individual companies - classified in Industry 541830, Media Buying Agencies;
Selling media time or space for media owners as independent representatives - classified in Industry 541840, Media Representatives;
Providing display advertising services (except aerial) - classified in Industry 541850, Display Advertising;
Providing direct distribution or delivery (e.g., door-to-door, windshield placement) of advertisements or samples - classified in Industry 541870, Advertising Material Distribution Services;
Providing direct mail advertising services - classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail Advertising;
Publishing newspapers or operating television stations or on-line information services - classified in Sector 51, Information; and
Providing marketing consulting services - classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing Consulting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541890 | 541890 | 5199 | Advertising specialty (e.g., keychain, magnet, pen) distribution services |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Demonstration services, merchandise |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Display lettering services |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Mannequin decorating services |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Sign lettering and painting services |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Welcoming services (i.e., advertising services) |
| 541890 | 541890 | 7389 | Window dressing or trimming services, store |
5419 Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
This industry group comprises establishments engaged in professional, scientific, and technical
services (except legal services; accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and related services;
architectural, engineering, and related services; specialized design services; computer systems
design and related services; management, scientific, and technical consulting services;
scientific research and development services; and advertising and related services).
54191 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling
See industry description for 541910 below.
541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in systematically gathering, recording,
tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in
Providing research and analysis in economics, sociology, and related fields - classified in Industry 541720, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; and
Providing advice and counsel on marketing strategies - classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing Consulting Services.
| 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS | 1987 SIC | Corresponding Index Entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Broadcast media rating services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Marketing analysis services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Marketing research services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Opinion research services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Political opinion polling services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Public opinion polling services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Public opinion research services |
| 541910 | 541910 | 8732 | Sampling services, statistical |